TCAP ENG translation file 1590
0001	All OK
0002	Close [Esc, Alt+F4]
0003	Download program
0004	updated. [Enter]
0005	don't show
0006	this message [Spacebar]
0007	It's now available
0008	Information for the users:
0009	Information on the installation
0010	Units of measure
0011	Ok
0012	Cancel
0013	Angle
0014	Temperature
0015	Pressure
0016	Force
0017	Mass
0018	Length
0019	Sections
0020	Edit vertex coordinates ...
0021	Concrete
0022	Steel
0023	Wood
0024	Precasted elements
0025	Number of polygon sides
0026	Rotate:
0027	Mirror:
0028	Compose:
0029	Beam cutting width
0030	2{\super nd} phase cast
0031	Span cross section
0032	Head cross section
0033	Copy drawing
0034	Section's parameters 
0035	Format error in the file
0036	Steel section archive not available in the path
0037	Archive precasted elements not available in the path
0038	Impossible to write file
0039	Module PRELIM executing
0040	Impossible to execute the program
0041	modif.
0042	Section parameters
0043	Weight
0044	Area
0045	web thick.
0046	perimeter
0047	Span cross section
0048	Log of editing
0049	SPAN
0050	HEAD
0051	In situ cast
0052	H slab
0053	B slab
0054	Dimension of the slab thickness
0055	Dimension of the slab width
0056	Grid settings
0057	Longitudinal section
0058	Cross section
0059	Static scheme
0060	Draw grid
0061	Left X
0062	Bottom Y
0063	Right X
0064	Top Y
0065	Step
0066	Cross section
0067	Longitudinal section
0068	Calculation scheme
0069	Output Graph GRAT
0070	About the installation
0071	Product
0072	Manufacturer
0073	User
0074	Company
0075	N ° Series
0076	Additional Information
0077	N ° Executions
0078	&Print
0079	&Print All text
0080	&copy
0081	&copy all text
0082	Copy &Selection
0083	&Index
0084	&Expanded
0085	&Collected
0086	Copy
0087	Delete
0088	Show
0089	Hide
0090	Invalid Input
0091	WARNING: The in-memory data has not been saved to disk
0092	 after the last changes.
0093	If you confirm your choice with OK,
0094	 the last changes will be lost.
0095	Unit of measure:
0096	Preferences
0097	Input Manager
0098	Output Manager
0099	Graphic Prints
0100	Top toolbar
0101	Numbers format
0102	Zoom buttons
0103	Snap Box
0104	 Viewfinder box and slider
0105	decimals for Lengths
0106	decimals for forces
0107	decimals for forces and moments
0108	decimals for angles
0109	decimals for pressures
0110	decimals for displacements
0111	decimals for linear loads
0112	Automatic output draft
0113	Automatic recalculation
0114	Captions in graphs
0115	Titles
0116	File name
0117	Date and time
0118	b/w printer
0119	Choosing colors and fonts
0120	Background window input
0121	Background window output
0122	Section plane
0123	Input grids
0124	Drawings grids
0125	Dimensions
0126	Constraints in static model
0127	Mild steel
0128	Reference grids
0129	Stickers on drawings
0130	Max and min values labels
0131	Query labels
0132	Beams labels
0133	Support axes labels
0134	Captions in graphs' printout
0135	strands group
0136	Color
0137	post-tended duct
0138	Move
0139	Duplicate
0140	selected elements
0141	duct
0142	Insert
0143	Support
0144	Label
0145	X abscissa
0146	Constraints
0147	Elastic constraints
0148	Axes label
0149	External constraints of the beam (2{\super nd} stage)
0150	Longitudinal reinforcement in slab
0151	Automatic cursor
0152	pos.
0153	Description
0154	number of reinforcements
0155	L reference
0156	Rt reference
0157	long. sec. label
0158	cross sec. label
0159	axis
0160	L/2 span
0161	Precasted girders longitudinal reinforcement
0162	L head
0163	midspan
0164	Rt head
0165	number of reinforcements
0166	Lt reference
0167	Rt reference
0168	symmetric to midspan
0169	Beam
0170	Bottom longitudinal reinforcement at support
0171	Number of rebars
0172	Diameter of rebars
0173	Longitudinal section length
0174	z coord.
0175	Cast-in-place stirrups
0176	number of legs
0177	spacing
0178	function 1
0179	function 2
0180	Precasted beams stirrups
0181	L reference
0182	Rt reference
0183	beam's web
0184	girder-slab link
0185	symmetric to midspan
0186	Permanent concentrated loads first stage
0187	load n.
0188	value
0189	Eccentricity
0190	day of application
0191	lifting
0192	transportation
0193	slab pouring
0194	Distributed permanent loads in first stage
0195	day of application
0196	start
0197	end
0198	First stage combinantions
0199	First stage
0200	Transient stages
0201	Partial factors
0202	At prestress transfer
0203	At slab pouring
0204	Lifting
0205	Transportation
0206	up
0207	low
0208	ULS
0209	SLS
0210	Permanents
0211	General data
0212	Authority
0213	Customer
0214	Work
0215	Standard Specification
0216	RFI IFS002A specification
0217	Solicitations input
0218	single conditions
0219	combination values
0220	Support change action
0221	Show static model
0222	Time in stage 1
0223	Time in stage 2
0224	Precasted
0225	prec.
0226	Shear resistance at cast interface
0227	Check with respect to
0228	Interface parameters
0229	Surface type
0230	Cohesion factor
0231	Friction factor
0232	Minimum stress perpendicular to the surface
0233	Contact surface width / total web thickness
0234	1{\super st} stage shear+torsion rate 
0235	<set standard values>
0236	very smooth: a surface cast against moulds
0237	smooth: extruded surface, free surface with vibration
0238	rough: at least 3 mm roughness / 40 mm spacing
0239	indented - h>5 mm
0240	Shear/torsion parameters
0241	Reload parameters from archive
0242	Rt click to reload parameters from archive
0243	Sum of webs thickness
0244	Number of webs
0245	A{\sub k} torsional area
0246	Effective wall thickness
0247	u{\sub k} perimeter of the area A{\sub k}
0248	Static scheme first stage - girder alone
0249	At prestress transfer and during storage
0250	At lifting
0251	At transportation
0252	In-place for 2{\super nd} stage pouring
0253	span
0254	Left overhang
0255	Right overhang
0256	Dynamic factor
0257	Check
0258	Left overhang
0259	Right overhang
0260	n. of intermediate supports
0261	suppport
0262	Cast-in-place cross section geometry
0263	New prism
0264	Delete prism
0265	Copy prism
0266	Paste prism
0267	Insert section
0268	Delete section
0269	Prism n.
0270	<insert a new prism>
0271	Local axes origin
0272	Section
0273	Cross section
0274	prism
0275	Left-end section x
0276	Right-end section x
0277	section
0278	Left x
0279	right x
0280	n. of vertices of new cross section
0281	n. of vertices of other sections
0282	Confirm new n. of vertices?
0283	Precasted beams geometry
0284	New girder
0285	Delete girder
0286	Copy girder
0287	Paste girder
0288	Generate girder
0289	Girder n.
0290	push button
0291	girder
0292	Too many vertices 
0293	Import data from other TCAP files
0294	Import
0295	Browse
0296	Find data in file
0297	Data to be imported
0298	Materials (concrete, steel)
0299	First stage data (lengths, loads)
0300	Pretensioned strands in precasted girder
0301	Mild steel in precasted girder
0302	Post-tensioned ducts in precasted girder
0303	Mild steel in cast-in-place concrete
0304	Post-tensioned ducts in cast-in-place concrete
0305	Girder-slab interface parameters
0306	X cross sections check printout
0307	TCAP reinforcements files
0308	All files
0309	TCP file to be imported
0310	MATERIALS
0311	girders concrete
0312	cast-in-place concrete 
0313	mild steel
0314	prestressing steel
0315	GIRDER
0316	FIRST STAGE LENGTHS
0317	Support - girder head distance at transfer and storage 
0318	PRE-TENSIONED STRANDS
0319	n. strands
0320	positioned on
0321	levels
0322	only the first one will be imported
0323	MILD REINFORCEMENTS
0324	longitudinal reinforcements in girder
0325	<no one>
0326	pos.
0327	girder stirrups
0328	<not present>
0329	GIRDER POST-TENSIONED DUCT
0330	n. of post-tensioned ducts
0331	POST-TENSIONED DUCTS 2{\super nd} STAGE
0332	MILD REINFORCEMENTS FOR CAST-IN-PLACE
0333	longitudinal reinforcements in cast-in-place
0334	PRINTOUT ABSCISSES
0335	n. of printout abscisses
0336	Format error in the file
0337	Error occurred transferring data to
0338	Communication error - TCAP
0339	prestressing
0340	&Drawing
0341	&File
0342	&New beam
0343	&Load
0344	&Save
0345	Save &as
0346	Lon&gitudinal section
0347	&Cross section
0348	S&tatic scheme
0349	Longitudinal section printout
0350	Cross section printout
0351	Static scheme printout
0352	Graphic printout active
0353	&Preferences
0354	&Units of measure
0355	&Grids
0356	&Colors and fonts setting
0357	&Miscellaneus
0358	Save &page setting as default
0359	&Quit
0360	Graphic &edit
0361	Insert a new pretensioning &strand
0362	Insert a new postensioning &duct
0363	Insert a new longitudinal &reinforcement
0364	Insert a new sti&rrups section
0365	Select postension d&ucts
0366	Select longitudinal rein&forcements
0367	Select sec&tion
0368	Select &labels
0369	Standard dimensions
0370	Problem &data
0371	&General data
0372	&Beam geometry
0373	Gir&der geometry
0374	Cast-in-&place geometry
0375	&Shear/torsion parameters
0376	Cast &interface parameters
0377	Support axes &labels
0378	Beam cons&traints
0379	&Materials properties
0380	&X sample points
0381	Active situ&ations
0382	&Single conditions solicitations
0383	&Combined solicitations
0384	ULS &P/T STR
0385	ULS P / T &GEO
0386	ULS &Exceptional
0387	ULS &Seismic (collapse)
0388	SLS Infrequent (&Characteristic)
0389	SLS &Frequent 
0390	SLS &Quasi Permanent
0391	SLS Seismic (&damage)
0392	Strands &positions
0393	&First stage data
0394	Static &schemes
0395	&Distributed loads
0396	&Concentrated loads
0397	Com&binations
0398	Construction &timing
0399	Prestressing &strands
0400	Pretensioned &strands
0401	Post-tensioned &ducts in girders
0402	Post-tensioned &ducts in cast-in-place
0403	&Mild reinforcements in girders
0404	&Longitudinal
0405	&Mild longitudinal reinforcements in girders
0406	&Stirrups
0407	Stirrups in girders
0408	Longitudinal reinforcement for shear near &supports
0409	Local control in girders
0410	Mild reinforcement in cast-in-&place
0411	Mild longitudinal reinforcement in cast-in-&place
0412	Stirrups in cast-in-&place
0413	Longitudinal section &dimensions
0414	Cross section &dimensions
0415	&Import data from other TCAP files
0416	&Check
0417	&View
0418	Zoom &Extension
0419	Zoom &Window
0420	Zoom &Previous
0421	Zoom &All
0422	Zoom &In (mouse wheel)
0423	Zoom O&ut (mouse wheel)
0424	P&an (Ctrl+Click sx)
0425	Pan &Nord
0426	Pan Su&d
0427	Pan E&st
0428	Pan &West
0429	&Show
0430	Stage 1 - at in-place-pouring
0431	Stage 2 - in exercise
0432	Stage active
0433	in &longitudinal section
0434	Girder &ducts points
0435	Cast-in-place &ducts points
0436	Longitudinal mild &reinforcement
0437	&Piers labels
0438	Prestressing &strands labels
0439	Longitudinal mild &reinforcement labels
0440	&Stirrups labels
0441	Reference &grid
0442	in &cross section
0443	Full strand pattern
0444	&Global axes
0445	&Local axes
0446	in static &Scheme
0447	&Nodes labels
0448	&Beams labels
0449	&Load labels
0450	Prestressing &forces
0451	Provisional supports &reactions
0452	Error &messages
0453	&Help
0454	&Guide
0455	&Check for updates at startup
0456	&Download new version
0457	&Info
0458	Dimensions reset
0459	Labels reset
0460	Strands pattern reset
0461	Export cross section
0462	Export model
0463	Hide
0464	Reset
0465	Properties
0466	Snap
0467	Viewfinder
0468	Error updating data
0469	preprocessor unhooked
0470	Beam geometry and stresses can be modified
0471	The data will be saved expressly by Tcap
0472	Prestressed beams file
0473	Error saving data
0474	longitudinal section
0475	cross section
0476	static scheme
0477	Materials parameters
0478	Insert new prestressing steel
0479	Delete prestressing steel
0480	Girders concrete
0481	Cast-in-place concrete 
0482	Prestressing reinforcement
0483	Shrinkage development
0484	Strength class
0485	Modulus of elasticity at 28d
0486	Weight density
0487	Total shrinkage deformation 
0488	Creep coefficient
0489	Security factor
0490	Reacting to traction if prestressed
0491	% of shrinkage on curing
0492	% of shrinkage from t=0 to slab pouring
0493	Days for total development
0494	Take account of girder-slab differential shrinkage
0495	Steel class
0496	Elastic modulus
0497	Homogeneization ratio
0498	n =
0499	% of relaxation during steam curing (only pre-tensioned)
0500	% of relaxation from t=0 to slab pouring (only pre-tensioned)
0501	Time - relaxation development
0502	Reinforcement class
0503	Prestressing checks - results
0504	&ULS
0505	&M - bending moment
0506	&V - shear
0507	&T - torsional moment
0508	V&+T - shear+torsion
0509	&Shear at cast interface
0510	&SLS
0511	&Concrete stresses
0512	&Steel stresses
0513	Cracks &width
0514	&Deformations
0515	Diagram &query
0516	Labels &selction
0517	Copy &drawing
0518	Calculation report
0519	Drawing
0520	2nd stage model
0521	1st stage models
0522	Slab-pouring time models
0523	Lifting time model
0524	Transportation model
0525	Reference grid
0526	Structure
0527	Instant selection menù
0528	Elements selection menù
0529	Diagram query
0530	Insert label max value
0531	Insert label min value
0532	Check details
0533	Export check
0534	Reset displacement
0535	Extended steel selection menù
0536	Synthetic steel selection menù
0537	Scale:
0538	Solicitations
0539	Section
0540	Bend failure check
0541	Materials parameters
0542	Simple bending failure moments
0543	Shear failure check
0544	Torsion failure check
0545	of the concrete
0546	of the steel
0547	Tension limit check
0548	c,upper edge girder
0549	c,lower edge girder
0550	Stresses from first stage
0551	Girder's cross section not  prestressed
0552	cast in place
0553	c,upper edge
0554	c,lower edge
0555	Total stresses
0556	up to
0557	Losses and stresses in prestressing strands
0558	group
0559	Stresses in mild reinforcement
0560	concrete's elastic modulus
0561	only prestressing forces
0562	total deflection
0563	2nd stage cast
0564	Bonded prestressing reinforcement
0565	area
0566	Post-tensioning reinforcement
0567	n. of strands
0568	Tot. area
0569	Longitudinal mild reinforcement
0570	Generate vertices
0571	Path generation parameters
0572	slope
0573	from L
0574	height
0575	from Rt
0576	L
0577	Rt
0578	parab.
0579	linear
0580	points step
0581	Too many points!
0582	Girder length
0583	BEAM
0584	description
0585	number of strands
0586	material
0587	jacking force
0588	jacking side
0589	duct diameter
0590	friction coefficient
0591	unintentional angular displacement
0592	path
0593	distributed forces
0594	Post-tensioning ducts
0595	applied to precasted girders
0596	applied to 2nd stage structure
0597	Generation
0598	Path
0599	local
0600	global
0601	point
0602	longitudinal
0603	transversal
0604	vertical
0605	Pretensioned strands
0606	Add group
0607	Delete group
0608	Material
0609	Initial stress
0610	Strands
0611	straight
0612	draped
0613	Jacking end
0614	left
0615	right
0616	Friction coefficient on hold-down devices
0617	Group
0618	N. of strands
0619	 L tot sheathings
0620	no groups of strands present
0621	level
0622	Z
0623	n. max strands
0624	number of strands
0625	
0626	add group of strands
0627	Symmetric to L/2 sheathings
0628	WARNING: strands pattern undefined in the precasted girder database
0629	Too many strands
0630	number of sheathings
0631	Length of sheathings
0632	number of sheathings L
0633	Length of sheathings L
0634	distance x from end L
0635	number of sheathings Rt
0636	Length of sheathings Rt
0637	distance x from end Rt
0638	Strand holes positions
0639	holes
0640	Reload strands pattern from database
0641	Level
0642	Max n. of strands
0643	No precaste girder present
0644	Y strand holes
0645	Generate Y
0646	Selected labels properties
0647	Composition
0648	Local abscissa X
0649	field 1
0650	field 2
0651	field 3
0652	field 4
0653	field 5
0654	Label's abscissa
0655	Value in the point
0656	Situation and combination
0657	Failure safety factor
0658	Row 5
0659	Transversal position Y
0660	Vertical position Z
0661	Show label
0662	Reinforcements properties:
0663	number of strands
0664	Day of jacking
0665	Initial jacking stress
0666	Jacking side
0667	L
0668	Rt
0669	Duct diameter
0670	Friction coefficient
0671	unintentional angular displacement
0672	Duct path
0673	If the automatic generation parameters of the cable tracing
0674	 is now possible to edit them graphically in the
0675	longitudinal section using the dragging tools
0676	Ducts properties:
0677	dim point
0678	elem.index
0679	sub-elem.
0680	index
0681	distance
0682	<no one>
0683	girder vertices
0684	pretensioned strands
0685	pretensioned strands levels
0686	girder mild reinforcement
0687	cast-in-place vertices
0688	cast-in-place mild reinforcement
0689	ducts A
0690	support axis
0691	ducts B
0692	draped pre-tensioned strands
0693	L
0694	L/2 rod
0695	Rt
0696	start
0697	end
0698	in longitudinal section
0699	in cross section
0700	precasted
0701	support
0702	Enable Limit States Situations
0703	Take account of axial force in ULS checks
0704	Take account of axial force in SLS checks
0705	U.L.S.
0706	S.L.S.
0707	Add combination
0708	Delete combination
0709	insert new combination
0710	Sub-case
0711	Envelope
0712	permanent comb. since day
0713	once-combination in day
0714	comb. active on t=inf.
0715	Combination n.
0716	Define sample points in:
0717	sample point
0718	Combinations
0719	Prestressing checks printout
0720	Draft
0721	WordProcessor
0722	Export
0723	Close
0724	Draft report
0725	Extended report
0726	Synthetical report
0727	Input data printout
0728	Append to deck report
0729	Insert in report
0730	Lifting check
0731	Transportation check
0732	Deck's cross section drawing
0733	Check sections
0734	1st and 2nd stage
0735	Layout
0736	Start pages numbering from
0737	Heading
0738	Start chapters numbering from
0739	Report font
0740	num.
0741	File RichTextFormat
0742	No argument selected
0743	Plane frame model printout
0744	Arguments
0745	Input data
0746	Structure geometry
0747	Loads on structure
0748	Displacements and reactions
0749	Elementary conditions
0750	print step
0751	specific X
0752	Max and min values search
0753	M envelope singular points
0754	Max and min solicitations
0755	Solicitations:
0756	Search tolerance
0757	Print only visible beams
0758	Bending moment
0759	Shear
0760	Axial force
0761	Displacements
0762	Pressure on ground
0763	<All>
0764	Construction life
0765	Slab pouring
0766	Slab curing
0767	Permanent loads
0768	[days]
0769	Generate precasted beam
0770	Beam type
0771	Solid end length
0772	Taper length
0773	Girder total length 
0774	<various>
0775	<no one>
0776	Difficulty in the search for singular points of the moment, the field of investigation is automatically expanded
0777	ATTENTION: it is impossible to invert the stiffness matrix
0778	Probable lability of the structure
0779	ATTENTION: problems of inversion of the stiffness matrix
0780	Insufficient data
0781	Beam with zero length:
0782	The structure consists of several frames that are not connected to each other.
0783	Frame formed by beams:
0784	Partial load not allowed on beams on ground
0785	Concentrated load not allowed on the beam
0786	Concentrated torque not allowed on the beam
0787	Thermal load not allowed on the beam
0788	Abscissa not valid for concentrated load
0789	applied to the beam
0790	Abscissa not valid for the couple
0791	applied to the beam
0792	Abscissa not valid for partial load
0793	Bending stiffness undefined for the beam
0794	Axial stiffness undefined for the beam
0795	Support width undefined for the beam
0796	Isolated nodes:
0797	Isolated node:
0798	<not assigned>
0799	Self weight
0800	B
0801	Analysis model
0802	ANALYSIS REPORT
0803	Archive
0804	Print date
0805	at
0806	plane frame analysis code
0807	Number of nodes =
0808	Number of beams =
0809	Number of structural elements =
0810	Number of load conditions =
0811	Number of nodal loads =
0812	Number of distributed loads =
0813	Number of partial loads =
0814	Number of concentrated loads =
0815	Number of concentrated moments =
0816	Number of thermal loads =
0817	Number of support settlements =
0818	Active
0819	No active
0820	Automatic self weight:
0821	Standard rule
0822	Structure geometry
0823	Nodal coordinates and constraints
0824	node
0825	Elastic constraints
0826	Beams parameters
0827	hinge
0828	Structural element
0829	beam
0830	node i
0831	node j
0832	length
0833	J modulus
0834	E modulus
0835	K Winkler
0836	base width
0837	Sections geometry
0838	Section
0839	width =
0840	depth =
0841	upper width =
0842	lower width =
0843	flange thickness =
0844	upper flange width =
0845	lower flange width =
0846	depth =
0847	web thickness =
0848	upper flange thickness =
0849	lower flange thickness =
0850	Hole width =
0851	Hole height =
0852	diameter =
0853	external diameter =
0854	internal diameter =
0855	geometry per vertices
0856	vertex
0857	Loads applied to the structure
0858	linear load
0859	beam selfweight
0860	Structure total weight =
0861	Nodal loads
0862	Distributed loads
0863	start
0864	end
0865	ref.
0866	Partial loads
0867	comp.
0868	Concentrated loads
0869	Moments on beams
0870	moment
0871	Thermal loads
0872	DeltaT inf.
0873	DeltaT sup.
0874	H section
0875	Imposed displacements
0876	displ.
0877	Classification of loads
0878	cond.
0879	Action
0880	dominant
0881	Variable action
0882	<No variable action inserted>
0883	Condition
0884	not contemporary with
0885	combination
0886	Load combinations
0887	comb.
0888	Condition:
0889	Displ.
0890	Rot.
0891	React.
0892	Total reactions
0893	Combination:
0894	MAX
0895	MIN
0896	Envelope of displacements and nodal reactions
0897	Solicitations envelope
0898	Singular points of the bending moment's envelope curves
0899	Mmax envelope
0900	Mmin envelope
0901	Maxima and minima
0902	Sample points abscissas
0903	sample point
0904	X abscissa
0905	L column axis
0906	Rt column axis
0907	L column axis + eps
0908	Rt column axis + eps
0909	L column edge
0910	Rt column edge
0911	geometrical midspan
0912	Mmax point
0913	Mmin point
0914	Vmax point
0915	Vmin point
0916	multi wire
0917	longitudinal shear reinforcement
0918	<combinations undefined>
0919	ULS Persistent/Transient STR
0920	ULS Exceptional
0921	SLS Infrequent
0922	SLS Frequent
0923	SLS Quasi Permanent
0924	ULS Seismic
0925	SLS Seismic
0926	ULS Persistent/Transient GEO
0927	t=0 after prestress transfer
0928	t=0 after post-tensioning A
0929	t=0 during lifting
0930	during transportation
0931	after cast-in-place pouring
0932	after post-tensioning B grouting
0933	t=inf.
0934	after post-tension + supports change
0935	Permanent
0936	Variable
0937	Prestressing
0938	Superimposed strain
0939	Exceptional
0940	Seismic
0941	ULS Md vs Mr
0942	ULS Vd vs Vr
0943	ULS Td vs Tr
0944	ULS V+T
0945	SLS concrete stresses
0946	SLS steel stresses
0947	SLS cracks control
0948	SLS deflections
0949	ULS V at cast interface
0950	wire and strands
0951	low relaxation wire and strands
0952	laminated rods
0953	Italian Standard DM 04/05/1990
0954	DM 14/01/2008 - Norme tecniche per le costruzioni
0955	Eurocode 1
0956	RFI IFS002A "Specifica per la progettazione e l''esecuzione di cavalcavia e passerelle pedonali sulla sede ferroviaria"
0957	Measures units not recognized
0958	Too many precasted girders
0959	Too many 2nd stage cast segments
0960	Too many sample points
0961	Too many 2nd stage load combinations
0962	Unable to open file
0963	Unable to read file
0964	The reinforcement of the beam must be reinserted
0965	Too many holes in the pattern
0966	before 2nd stage cast
0967	IFS002A-2.2.3
0968	Sig girder lower edge
0969	Sig girder upper edge
0970	Sig cast-in-situ section lower edge
0971	Sig cast-in-situ section upper edge
0972	Sig max girder midl reinforcements 
0973	Sig pre-stressing strands (CGS)
0974	Sig post-tensioned ducts A precasted girder
0975	Sig max cast-in-situ mild reinforcements
0976	Sig max post-tensioned ducts B cast-in-situ
0977	Sig girder mild reinforcement pos.L
0978	precasted girders
0979	precasted girder
0980	Sig strands
0981	prec. girder
0982	Sig mild reinforcements
0983	Post-tensioned duct
0984	after cast-in-place pouring
0985	at mould removal
0986	after supports changing
0987	2nd stage supports X need left-to-right description
0988	2nd stage supports X overlapped
0989	L girder
0990	span length
0991	messages
0992	Draft print - measurement units:
0993	Internal error
0994	Intermediate supports
0995	Duct
0996	Beam cross section:
0997	Beam + cast-in-place
0998	Cast-in-place:
0999	-
1000	<without titles>
1001	<without file name>
1002	Prestressed beam check
1003	Software
1004	Current units
1005	force
1006	Beam data
1007	Geometrical data
1008	intermediate supports
1009	Second stage
1010	span length
1011	Precasted girder reinforcements
1012	Precasted girders reinforcements
1013	Pre-tensioned strands
1014	Reinforcements
1015	Post-tensioned ducts
1016	Materials properties
1017	Precasted girders concrete
1018	Characteristic compressive cylinder strength at 28 days
1019	Characteristic compressive cylinder strength at prestressing transfer
1020	Safety factor for failure checks
1021	elastic modulus
1022	weight density
1023	total shrinkage
1024	days to total shrinkage
1025	% shrinkage before prestress transfer
1026	% shrinkage prestress transfer-slab pouring
1027	% shrinkage slab pouring to t=inf.
1028	creep coefficient
1029	% creep prestress transfer-slab pouring
1030	% creep slab pouring to t=inf.
1031	max tensile stress girder where prestressed
1032	max tensile stress at centroid
1033	Cast-in-place concrete
1034	Points of analysis
1035	max concrete tensile stress where prestressed
1036	Steel for mild reinforcement
1037	steel class
1038	yield strength
1039	homogeneization ratio with respect to girder concrete
1040	Prestressing steel
1041	% relaxation before prestress transfer
1042	% relaxation prestress transfer-slab pouring
1043	% relaxation slab pouring to t=inf.
1044	days to total steel relaxation
1045	External solicitations
1046	First stage stress calculation
1047	Stress for selweight
1048	precasted girders' concrete weight density
1049	cast-in-situ concrete weight density
1050	Permanent loads safety factor
1051	SLS Infrequent combination
1052	2nd stage combinations
1053	Checks results
1054	Section analysis
1055	First stage: girder section
1056	Tensional check
1057	Stress losses before strands cutting
1058	Stress losses from strands cutting to slab pouring
1059	Stress losses after slab pouring
1060	Bending failure check
1061	Shear failure check
1062	Second stage: beam + cast-in-place
1063	Post-tension enforcement
1064	mould removal / supports change
1065	Service checks
1066	Stress losses in pre-tensioned strands from slab hardening to t=inf.
1067	Stress losses in post-tensioned ducts
1068	IFS002A rule
1069	Principal tensile stress inspection at centroid in Infrequent combinations
1070	stress normal to cross section
1071	shear stress
1072	principal tensile stress
1073	shear/torsion check
1074	Shear forces between concrete cast
1075	Transient checks
1076	Dynamic factor
1077	Front overhang
1078	front support distance
1079	rear support distance
1080	Rear overhang
1081	Deck deflections
1082	PRESTRESSED BEAM CHECK
1083	Subject of the report
1084	This report shows the analysis of a continuous linear structure 
1085	loaded with external forces contained in the vertical longitudinal plane 
1086	and constrained in the same plane.
1087	The structure is made of reinforced concrete and is built per stages
1088	using precasted prestressed girders and cast-in-place concrete 
1089	to form transverse beams and slab.
1090	Standards, conventions and basic assumptions
1091	Reference system
1092	The reference system for geometrical quantities and forces is a
1093	 left-hand side orthogonal axes system with the X axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road,
1094	 the Z axis contained in the vertical plane and the Y axis orthogonal to such plane.
1095	 The observer positioned in the origin and looking towards the positive X see the positive Y values at his left,
1096	 and the positive Z values to the top.
1097	The loads acting on the structure and the reactions of the constraints are positive if
1098	 they are directed upwards and to the right. 
1099	Bending moments are positive when sagging,
1100	 negative when hogging.
1101	Stresses and strains are positive if tensile,
1102	 in the concrete and in the steel as well.
1103	Law
1104	Rules for the construction of works
1105	 made by reinforced concrete, normal and prestressed, and metallic.
1106	Norme tecniche per le costruzioni - NTC 2008
1107	Design of concrete structures
1108	Part 1-1 : General rules and rules for buildings 
1109	The following rules are respected:
1110	Unless otherwise specified, the quantities contained in the present
1111	 report are expressed in the following units of measurement: 
1112	angle
1113	The diameters of the mild reinforcement bars are always expressed in [mm], 
1114	 the diameters of the prestressing strands are expressed in [inch]
1115	TCAP code input the analysis’ load combinations values
1116	from the structure analysis program and perform the checks
1117	following the LRFD – Load and Resistance Factor Design -
1118	 adding to the combinations values the prestressing force.
1119	To evaluate the prestressing effect in the sections, a suitable analysis model
1120	is assumed to reproduce the redoundant conditions of the real structure.
1121	
1122	The structure is considered linear and straight, subject to axial longitudinal force
1123	 generated by prestressing, and transverse deformation
1124	by inflection in the vertical plane. 
1125	It is schematized via a plane frame structure formed by horizontal beams
1126	that represent the constant cross section real portions,
1127	 And the variable geometry portions with inclined beams. 
1128	The prestressing forces are represented by horizontal and vertical forces, and moments generated by eccentricity
1129	of that forces with respect to the cross section’s centroid.
1130	For the ultimate bending moments calculation the used
1131	procedure
1132	takes into account the contribution of the concrete,
1133	 the contribution of the mild reinforcements (same strain of the surrounding concrete)
1134	 and the contribution of the prestressing reinforcements (strain of the surrounding concrete plus the prestressing strain)
1135	
1136	The code and the algorithms
1137	are developed by
1138	Procedure of flexural stresses calculation:
1139	Procedure of bending failure:
1140	Procedure of shear failure:
1141	Redundant model:
1142	Input data
1143	Models
1144	The deck is built with precasted prestressed girders and
1145	 cast-in-situ diaphragms and slab.
1146	There are two different stages of work:
1147	FIRST STAGE
1148	The simply supported beams carry the selfweight
1149	 and the weight of the 2nd stage cast.
1150	SECOND STAGE
1151	The composite structure, precasted girders and slab,
1152	after hardening of the cast-in-situ concrete,
1153	carry the weight of the surcharges and live loads.
1154	In the first stage the girders are subjected to the following
1155	 constraints conditions:
1156	In place at the moment of the 2nd stage cast:
1157	intermediate supports: x
1158	During lifting:
1159	During transportation:
1160	In the second stage the structure is constrained by final supports:
1161	Materials strength
1162	In this paragraph the sign conventions previously reported do not apply: 
1163	for concrete, all quantities are indicated with a positive sign
1164	 and at the same time it is specified whether they are compression or tensile values. 
1165	Precasted girders’ concrete
1166	For the purpose of the calculation the relevant characteristics of the concrete are given by the
1167	resistance to breakage, from the elastic modulus and from the entity of the deferred phenomena
1168	
1169	The precasted girders are prestressed with bonded strands and
1170	they need therefore stresses control since the prestressing transfer.
1171	
1172	Due to usual initial stresses magnitude a
1173	 gradual prestressing transfer is recommended.
1174	In the following of the report this moment will be shortly called “at transfer”.
1175	at t=inf.
1176	at prestress transfer
1177	Characteristic compressive cylinder strength at 28 day 
1178	Design value of concrete compressive strength 
1179	The cross sections’ failure calculation is based on the parabola-rectangle
1180	 concrete constitutive law, with maximum compressive strength at t=inf. :
1181	Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete 
1182	Maximum tensile strength -7.1(2)-
1183	In service conditions the maximum compressive stress
1184	 in the concrete must be lower than:
1185	(in Characteristic – Infrequent- combination)
1186	(in Quasi Permanent combination)
1187	after losses
1188	Specific limitation
1189	Maximum tensile stress at girder’s edges (where prestressed)
1190	Maximum principal tensile stress at centroid
1191	Cast-in-situ concrete
1192	safety factor of the material
1193	In the parabola-rectangle diagram the maximum stress is:
1194	In service conditions the maximum compressive stress of the
1195	Maximum tensile stress at cast-in-situ cross section’s edges (where prestressed)
1196	Prestressing steel
1197	Characteristic 0,1 % proof-stress of prestressing steel 
1198	safety factor
1199	Based upon 
1200	the initial stresses at the moment of pre-stressed strands jacking must comply with the most restrictive
1201	of the following rules:
1202	A maximum overstressing of 0.05·f{\sub p(1)k} is permitted. 
1203	The maximum stress during service in the characteristic combination
1204	must comply the following limitation
1205	In the calculation the triangle-rectangle diagram is used
1206	 with maximum strength:
1207	This kind of steel is the reiforcement adopted to resiste
1208	 to shear forces (stirrups) and other local traction forces
1209	 in the concrete.
1210	The maximum stress allowed
1211	in this characteristic combination must comply the following limitation:
1212	Stress losses
1213	Prestressing steel relaxation
1214	The assessment of prestressing steel relaxation
1215	is carried out with the standard formulation and with the data
1216	 supplied by the manufacturer.
1217	At a constant temperature of 20 [°C] the loss of tension
1218	due to relaxation at time t is:
1219	class
1220	type
1221	loss
1222	where:
1223	is the initial stress in the strand;
1224	is the loss due to relaxation
1225	(in percentage) at 1000 hour after the jacking, at 20 [°C]
1226	and starting from an initial stress equal to 0.7 of strength
1227	of the tested sample:
1228	is the characteristic yield strength of the steel;
1229	is the time [h] since the jacking.
1230	The final loss due to relaxation may be evaluated with the formulas
1231	above written and inserting a time of 500,000 hours. 
1232	We obtain:
1233	Reinforcement
1234	<no prestressing reinforcement defined>
1235	Shrinkage of the concrete
1236	The shortening due to shrinkage is assumed as:
1237	precasted
1238	and the consequent stress loss in the prestressing steel
1239	 is calculated  based on the elastic modulus of the steel itself:
1240	Creep of the concrete
1241	The value of the long-term strain of the concrete (creep)
1242	is assumed, in order to obtain the stress losses in the steel,
1243	 as indicated by the standards
1244	(pre-stressed strands in the precasted girders)
1245	(post-tensioned ducts)
1246	Development over time of the stress losses
1247	For pre-tensioned strands, that are applied to precasted girders,
1248	the total effect of the slow phenomena exposed in the previous paragraphs 
1249	 are splitted in the different stages taking into account
1250	 the different environmental and tensional conditions.
1251	since jacking until transfer
1252	since transfer until slab pouring
1253	since slab pouring until t=inf.
1254	relaxation
1255	shrinkage
1256	creep
1257	Stress losses in post-tensioned cast-in-place ducts
1258	Serviceability limit states
1259	Serviceability stress limit states
1260	To evaluate the stress state in the cross sections the following stages will be distiguished:
1261	
1262	at prestress transfer
1263	before cast-in-place pouring
1264	immediately after the cast-in-place pouring
1265	bridge without live loads
1266	bridge with full load
1267	In all stages the determination of the stress state of the elements
1268	to be checked is based on the characteristic combination (Infrequent): 
1269	structural permanent
1270	non structural permanent
1271	permanent
1272	variable actions
1273	Lifting check
1274	The girder lifting check is performed in phase a).
1275	The girder transportation check is performed in phase b).
1276	Crack opening limit state in girders
1277	To guarantee the durability of the structure the calculation
1278	 of stress check in SLS is conducted
1279	 with appropriate limitations that preserve the main beams from an
1280	 excessive cracking.
1281	For this purpose, referring to the standards
1282	 and adopting the limitations related to reinforcement
1283	 sensitive
1284	 in the case of a very aggressive environment,
1285	 the following conditions should be verified:
1286	no checks
1287	crack opening
1288	decompression
1289	exposure classes
1290	characteristic comb.
1291	frequent comb.
1292	quasi permanent comb.
1293	For greater protection of the durability of the work
1294	 the following limitations are respected in the checks:
1295	Deformation limit state
1296	The extent of the relevant deformations is evaluated
1297	 for the inflected elements in any phase.
1298	The evaluation of such deformations is performed assuming for
1299	 the concrete a value of elastic modulus equal to:
1300	and, to calculate the effects of permanent loads, a 
1301	 creep coefficient:
1302	For the deformations caused by the post-tensioned ducts it is instead assumed
1303	the coefficient:
1304	The creep effect is then reduced multipling all related deformations
1305	 by the coefficient
1306	Calculated deflections are positive if upward (camber)
1307	 and negative downward.
1308	Ultimate Limit States
1309	Ultimate Limit State for bending solicitations
1310	The calculation of the ultimate bending moment of the cross sections is performed with the parabola-rectangle stress-strain constitutive law for the concrete,
1311	 with maximum compressive deformation -0.0035,
1312	 corresponding to a design stress limit of
1313	for the precasted girders
1314	and
1315	for the cast-in-place concrete
1316	and indefinite tensile deformation with zero tension (cracked section).
1317	For steels, a bi-linear stress-strain diagram
1318	 elastic up to the yield strength, and horizontal section up to
1319	 the deformation 0.01, both in tension and in compression.
1320	Please refer to the chapter on materials for the values of the elastic modules
1321	 and design strength.
1322	In calculating the ultimate moment the strain delta of the prestressing steel 
1323	 is taken into account.
1324	Ultimate Limit State for shear and torsion
1325	To evaluate the ultimate resistances for shear and torsion
1326	 the formulation indicated by the standards is used:
1327	shear resistance without shear reinforcements
1328	shear resistance limited by crushing of the compression struts
1329	shear resistance limited by yielding of the shear reinforcement
1330	torsion resistance limited by crushing of the compression struts
1331	torsion resistance limited by yielding of the shear reinforcement
1332	Where:
1333	depth of section
1334	minimum width of section
1335	shear reinforcement area
1336	minimum shear reinforcement area in the webs
1337	stirrups spacing
1338	inclination respect horizontal of shear reinforcement
1339	inclination of concrete compression struts
1340	coefficient taking account of the axial force in the compression chord
1341	area of tensile reinforcement
1342	area enclosed by the centre-lines of the connecting walls
1343	In the strut-and-tie model at failure the concrete compression struts in non-prestressed section
1344	 are considered having an inclination of 45 [deg],
1345	 while beneficial effect of prestressing force is taken into account
1346	 calculating a lower inclination of struts based on
1347	 the compression principal stress at centroid level.
1348	The inclination thus determined is however limited according 
1349	to the cited standards.
1350	Ultimate limit state for shear resistance at concrete cast interface
1351	The design factored value of shear at interface 
1352	 between precast concrete and cast-in-place concrete
1353	 is compared with the ultimate value calculated according to
1354	 EN1991-1-1-6.2.5
1355	 in wich:
1356	is the ratio between the longitudinal force in the last concrete cast
1357	 and the total longitudinal force in the compression or tensile zone,
1358	 both calculated in the considered cross section, assumed = 1.0
1359	is the shear force
1360	of 2{\super nd} stage
1361	total for 1{\super st} e 2{\super nd} stage
1362	is the lever arm of composite section
1363	Design tensile strength
1364	Minimum normal pressure across the interface that can act simultaneously with the shear force
1365	Total area of stirrups
1366	Stirrups spacing
1367	Minimum concrete strength
1368	<variable>
1369	Cross sections check
1370	Stresses in the materials in first stage
1371	mould removal / supports change
1372	Stress losses from cast-in-place hardening to t=inf
1373	According to Specifica IFS002A-2.2.1
1374	 the control of the principal tensile stress at centroid of the cross section is performed
1375	 for the characteristic combination envelope value
1376	The combined action of shear and torsion engages
1377	 the materials (concrete struts and steel stirrups)
1378	 more than the single actions
1379	 of the two stress parameters.
1380	The check is therefore performed according 
1381	 in the most unfavorable combination.
1382	web
1383	link girder-slab
1384	girder + slab link
1385	strands
1386	strand area
1387	steel
1388	jacking stress
1389	total area
1390	total prestressing force
1391	centroid level
1392	n. sheathings
1393	L sheathings
1394	x sheathings
1395	(symmetrical)
1396	Longitudinal reinforcement
1397	reinforcement
1398	rod active from
1399	to
1400	and from
1401	position
1402	Shear reinforcement
1403	legs
1404	day of jacking
1405	dd
1406	jacking side
1407	left
1408	right
1409	left and right
1410	duct diameter
1411	strand-duct friction coefficient
1412	unintentional angular displacement
1413	duct total length
1414	duct path
1415	stress
1416	<path not defined>
1417	active from
1418	 function
1419	no loads applied in first stage
1420	not defined
1421	distributed load
1422	value
1423	day
1424	concentrated load
1425	tensile-reacting
1426	non tensile-reacting
1427	girder:
1428	girder end
1429	Concrete section
1430	no one vertex
1431	Transformed section
1432	Prestressing reinforcement
1433	no one pre-tensioned reinforcement
1434	Post-tensioned ducts
1435	concrete shrinkage
1436	steel relaxation
1437	concrete creep
1438	time
1439	prestress
1440	external
1441	Stresses on concrete
1442	Stresses on steel
1443	constraints change
1444	postension
1445	Solicitations and deflections
1446	deflection
1447	precasted girder
1448	after 28dd since pouring
1449	without loads
1450	Stresses on concrete
1451	bending solicitations null
1452	Pre-stress on reinforcements
1453	Pre-stress on ducts
1454	Pre-tensioned reinforcement
1455	Post-tensioned reinforcement
1456	pre-stress in the strands
1457	centroid of strands
1458	bend
1459	neutral axis
1460	check unsatisfied
1461	shear null
1462	Stirrups
1463	Traction by shear
1464	Compression force
1465	<longitudinal shear reinforcement not necessary>
1466	minimum longitudinal shear reinforcement
1467	torsion null
1468	<no torsional failure check performed in first stage>
1469	Stirrups
1470	Tensile force by torsion
1471	Prestressing force
1472	null solicitations
1473	With reference to an interface area between casts of
1474	(unit length), the shear force between the casts
1475	to the section
1476	result:
1477	design interface shear resistance
1478	ultimate resistance by cohesion and frction
1479	link stirrups
1480	ultimate resistance by cohesion, frction and stirrups
1481	at transfer
1482	at cast-in-place pouring
1483	after curing
1484	head rotation
1485	shortening
1486	deflection in
1487	Displacements X
1488	at cast
1489	after post B
1490	slab
1491	and scheme change
1492	Displacement X at support axis
1493	Post-tensioned and
1494	Rotations
1495	Rotations at support axis
1496	Deflection at midspan
1497	characteristic comb. Max
1498	characteristic comb. Min
1499	SLS checks – Stresses on concrete
1500	upper edge girder
1501	lower edge girder
1502	SLS checks – Stresses on steel
1503	no one mild reinforcement defined
1504	Bending failure checks
1505	no section defined
1506	Results
1507	SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES
1508	Longitudinal stresses calculation
1509	after cast-in-place, curing completed
1510	after post-tension application and constraints change
1511	after long term effects completion
1512	bridge at t=inf. without live loads (SLS quasi perm. Combinations)
1513	bridge at t=inf. without live loads (SLS characteristic comb.)
1514	bridge at t=inf. without live loads (SLS frequent comb.)
1515	Cross sections parameters
1516	active
1517	Prestress reinforcement
1518	total
1519	Post-tension reinforcement
1520	PRECASTED GIRDER
1521	PRECAST
1522	CAST-IN-PLACE
1523	PHASE E
1524	PHASE F
1525	no one abscissa X selected
1526	Initial prestress force
1527	Group 1
1528	Group 2
1529	Total
1530	Phase
1531	External bending moment
1532	Prestress losses
1533	Total prestress force
1534	Stresses
1535	Solicitations and stresses
1536	tapered section
1537	Prestressed
1538	Not null-resultant forces set equivalent to post-tensioned duct n.
1539	2nd stage frame model: n. of partial distrbuted loads
1540	concrete elastic modulus at 28 dd girders not valid
1541	for the girder
1542	First stage scheme spans not valid
1543	at level
1544	Sheathings length excessive
1545	Path invalid of the duct
1546	on the girder
1547	Girder span
1548	Prestress action calculation 1st stage girder
1549	Girder
1550	Fictitious beams
1551	First stage at slab pouring
1552	First stage at lifting
1553	Final structure (2nd stage)
1554	Prestress and constraints change effects calculation
1555	Girder+slab
1556	L anchorage
1557	Rt anchorage
1558	Duct
1559	girder
1560	Cast-in-place weight
1561	Extra 1 loads
1562	Reac. girder weight
1563	Reac. cast-in-place concrete weight
1564	Reac. Extra 1 loads
1565	Reac. formwork
1566	Forces equivalent to constraints change
1567	Error Sub
1568	Precasted element cross section area negative.
1569	Cast-in-place cross section area negative.
1570	Insufficient data to perfomr analysis
1571	Algoritm convergence problem.
1572	Warn: compressed concrete struts inclination outside bounds
1573	average compression too high
1574	prestress steel yield strength not defined 
1575	n. of sheathings > n. of strands in group
1576	rod too short!
1577	n. of stirrups legs not defined
1578	stirrups diameter not defined
1579	stirrups spacing not defined
1580	stirrups function not defined
1581	initial x of stirrups section outside girder
1582	final x of stirrups section outside girder
1583	Number of sampling points solicitations = 0
1584	Web thickness
1585	first stage
1586	stress losses effects calculation
1587	constraints change 1st-2nd stage effects calculation
1588	second stage
1589	Dicotomic search not possible!
1590	Dicotomic search failed. N. of iterations exceeded